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Sun Damage, Tables
Mark F. Naylor, MD
Assistant Professor,
Department of Dermatology
Center for Molecular Medicine
College of Medicine University of Oklahoma
Kevin C. Farmer
Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
College of Pharmacy
University of Oklahoma
Table 1. Correlation of sunburn times with UV index for skin types 1 and 4.
|
EXPOSURE CATEGORIES |
INDEX VALUES |
MINUTES TO BURN FOR MOST SUSCEPTIBLE (SKIN TYPE 1) |
MINUTES TO BURN FOR LESS SUSCEPTIBLE (SKIN TYPE 4) |
|
Minimal |
0-2 |
30 |
> 120 |
|
Low |
3 |
20 |
90 |
|
|
4 |
15 |
75 |
|
Moderate |
5 |
12 |
60 |
|
|
6 |
10 |
50 |
|
High |
7 |
8.5 |
40 |
|
|
8 |
7.5 |
35 |
|
Very High |
9 |
7 |
33 |
|
|
10 |
6 |
30 |
|
|
11 |
5.5 |
27 |
|
|
12 |
5 |
25 |
|
|
13 |
<5 |
23 |
|
|
14 |
4 |
21 |
|
|
15 |
<4 |
20 |
Table 2. Sun Protection Suggestions for Adults
|
DESIRED PROTECTION |
CLOTHING RECOMMENDATIONS |
RECOMMENDED SUNSCREEN |
OUTDOOR ACTIVITY 10 AM to 2 PM |
|
Maximum |
Hat, protective clothing essential1 |
At least SPF 302,3 |
schedule at other times when possible |
|
Moderate |
Hat and shirt advisable to cover high exposure areas4 |
SPF 15 |
schedule at other times when possible |
|
Minimal |
Hat and shirt advisable to cover high exposure areas |
SPF 8-15 |
schedule at other times when possible |
1 Use a hat with a 2-3 inch all-around brim, and a
shirt of heavy cotton fabric or equivalent (long sleeves
desirable)
2 Sunscreen should be applied heavily in the early
morning, then reapplied in the early afternoon on days of outdoor
activity. More frequent application may be necessary if sweating,
rubbing, or swimming is removing the sunscreen. At least daily
application is recommended for 3 seasons of the year. For individuals
living in the southern United States, this should be done year
round.
3 Heavy make-up (preferably with some sunscreen in the
formulation) in conjunction with a hat and protective clothing may be
sufficient for women.
4 The face, shoulders, and bald spots are at greatest risk
for actinic damage by virtue of geometry and lifetime exposures.
Table 3. Sun Protection Suggestions for Infants and Children
|
AGE GROUP |
SKIN TYPE |
SPECIAL CLOTHING RECOMMENDATIONS |
SUNSCREEN TO USE |
OUTDOOR ACTIVITY 10 AM to 2 PM |
|
Infants (0-1 months) |
all |
complete physical coverage |
not recommended |
not applicable |
|
Infants (1-12 months) |
all |
hats essential |
at least 30 SPF |
schedule at other times when possible |
|
Toddlers (1-3 years) |
1 to 3 |
hats advisable |
at least 30 SPF |
schedule at other times when possible |
|
|
4 to 6 |
|
at least 15 SPF |
schedule at other times when possible |
|
Children (3-18 years) |
1 to 3 |
T-shirt while swimming outdoors |
at least 30 SPF |
schedule at other times when possible |
|
|
4 to 6 |
|
15 SPF recommended |
schedule at other times when possible |
Table 4. Drugs Associated with Photosensitivity Reactions [169]
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CATEGORY |
DRUG |
|
Anti-infectives |
amantadine |
|
|
lomefloxacin, enoxacin, naldixic acid, ofoxacin, ciprofloxacin |
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sulfisoxazone, trimethoprim |
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democlocycline, doxycycline |
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chloroquine, pyrimethamine |
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griseofulvin, dapsone, pyrazinamide |
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Anti-inflammatory |
desoximetasone, hydrocortisone |
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ibuprofen, piroxicam |
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Cardiovascular |
amiodarone, quinidine |
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diltiazem, nifidipine |
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hydrochlorothiazide, triamterene |
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CNS Agents |
carbamazepine, clomipramine |
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alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide |
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chlorpromazine, thioridazine |
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Miscellaneous |
glyburide, chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, diphenhydramine |
|
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methotrexate, vinblastine, dacarbazine, flourouracil |
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etretinate, isotretinoin |
|
Topical agents |
tretinoin, coal tar, benzoyl peroxide |
|
Other misc. agents |
gold salts, minoxidil, psoralens |
